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J Appl Physiol 91: 451-458, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 91, Issue 1, 451-458, July 2001

Ambulatory estimates of maximal aerobic power from foot -ground contact times and heart rates in running humans

Peter G. Weyand1,3, Maureen Kelly1,3, Thomas Blackadar2, Jesse C. Darley2, Steven R. Oliver2, Norbert E. Ohlenbusch2, Sam W. Joffe2, and Reed W. Hoyt1

1 United States Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Natick 01760; 2 FitSense Technology Incorporated, Wellesley 02481; and 3 Concord Field Station, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730

Seeking to develop a simple ambulatory test of maximal aerobic power (VO2 max), we hypothesized that the ratio of inverse foot-ground contact time (1/tc) to heart rate (HR) during steady-speed running would accurately predict VO2 max. Given the direct relationship between 1/tc and mass-specific O2 uptake during running, the ratio 1/tc · HR should reflect mass-specific O2 pulse and, in turn, aerobic power. We divided 36 volunteers into matched experimental and validation groups. VO2 max was determined by a treadmill test to volitional fatigue. Ambulatory monitors on the shoe and chest recorded foot-ground contact time (tc) and steady-state HR, respectively, at a series of submaximal running speeds. In the experimental group, aerobic fitness index (1/tc · HR) was nearly constant across running speed and correlated with VO2 max (r = 0.90). The regression equation derived from data from the experimental group predicted VO2 max from the 1/tc · HR values in the validation group within 8.3% and 4.7 ml O2 · kg-1 · min-1 (r = 0.84) of measured values. We conclude that simultaneous measurements of foot-ground constant times and heart rates during level running at a freely chosen constant speed can provide accurate estimates of maximal aerobic power.

aerobic fitness index; oxygen pulse; cost coefficient; locomotion; running mechanics


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