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1 Norwegian National Sports Center and 3 Norwegian University of Sports and Physical Education, 0806 Oslo; 4 Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Ullevaal University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway; and 2 Copenhagen Muscle Research Center and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
This study compared leukocyte counts and lymphocyte responsiveness during and after a second bout of high-intensity endurance exercise on the same day with the response to a similar but single bout of exercise. Nine athletes participated in three 24-h trials: 1) rest in bed (Rest); 2) one bout of exercise (One); and 3) two bouts of exercise (Two). All bouts consisted of 75 min at ~75% of maximal O2 uptake on a cycle ergometer. Lymphocytes in whole blood were stimulated with monoclonal antibodies against CD2 and assessed by flow cytometry for expression of the early activation molecule CD69. The second bout of exercise in the Two trial was associated with significantly increased concentrations of total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ cells and a significantly decreased percentage of CD56+ cells expressing CD69 compared with a single bout. Additionally, there was a significantly decreased CD69 fluorescence in CD56+ cells postexercise. These differences suggest a "carry-over" effect in the immune system from a first to a second bout of exercise on the same day.
CD69 expression; lymphocyte activation; natural killer cells; elite athletes; immunity
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