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1 Department of Life Science (Sports Sciences), University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro, Tokyo; and 2 Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Fukasawa 7-1-1, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
The present study aimed to investigate the
effect of isometric training on the elasticity of human tendon
structures. Eight subjects completed 12 wk (4 days/wk) of isometric
training that consisted of unilateral knee extension at 70% of maximal
voluntary contraction (MVC) for 20 s per set (4 sets/day). Before
and after training, the elongation of the tendon structures in the
vastus lateralis muscle was directly measured using ultrasonography
while the subjects performed ramp isometric knee extension up to MVC. The relationship between the estimated muscle force and tendon elongation (L) was fitted to a linear regression, the slope
of which was defined as stiffness of the tendon structures. The
training increased significantly the volume (7.6±4.3%) and MVC torque
(33.9±14.4%) of quadriceps femoris muscle. The L values at
force production levels beyond 550 N were significantly shorter after
training. The stiffness increased significantly from 67.5±21.3 to
106.2±33.4 N/mm. Furthermore, the training significantly increased the
rate of torque development (35.8 ± 20.4%) and decreased
electromechanical delay (
18.4±3.8%). Thus the present results
indicate that isometric training increases the stiffness and Young's
modulus of human tendon structures as well as muscle strength and size.
This change in the tendon structures would be assumed to be an
advantage for increasing the rate of torque development and shortening
the electromechanical delay.
resistance training; stiffness; ultrasonography; vastus lateralis muscle
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