| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, and 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and 2 Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262
The independent
and combined effects of exercise training and hormone replacement
therapy (HRT) on body composition, fat distribution, glucose tolerance,
and insulin action were studied in postmenopausal women, aged 68 ± 5 yr, assigned to control (n = 19), exercise (n = 18), HRT (n = 15), and
exercise + HRT (n = 16) groups. The exercise
consisted of 2 mo of flexibility exercises followed by 9 mo of
endurance exercise. HRT was conjugated estrogens 0.625 mg/day and
trimonthly medroxyprogesterone acetate 5 mg/day for 13 days. Total and
regional body composition were measured by dual-energy X-ray
absorptiometry. Serum glucose and insulin responses were measured
during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. There were significant main
effects of exercise on reductions in total and regional (trunk, arms,
legs) fat mass, increase in leg fat-free mass, and improvements in
glucose tolerance and insulin action. There were significant main
effects of HRT on the reduction of total fat mass (HRT, 
3.0 ± 4.0 kg; no HRT, 1.3 ± 2.6 kg), with a strong trend for
reductions in trunk and leg fat mass (both P = 0.07).
There was also a significant improvement in insulin action in response
to HRT. These results suggest that there are independent and additive
effects of exercise training and HRT on the reduction in fat mass and
improvement in insulin action in postmenopausal women; the effect of
HRT on insulin action may be mediated, in part, through changes in
central adiposity.
hormone replacement therapy; insulin resistance; abdominal obesity; estrogens
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. F. Soto, P. Herrero, K. B. Schechtman, A. D. Waggoner, J. M. Baumstark, A. A. Ehsani, and R. J. Gropler Exercise training impacts the myocardial metabolism of older individuals in a gender-specific manner Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): H842 - H850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Toth, B. C. Cooper, R. E. Pratley, A. Mari, D. E. Matthews, and P. R. Casson Effect of ovarian suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on glucose disposal and insulin secretion Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2008; 294(6): E1035 - E1045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Wierman and W. M. Kohrt Review Article: Vascular and Metabolic Effects of Sex Steroids: New Insights Into Clinical Trials Reproductive Sciences, May 1, 2007; 14(4): 300 - 314. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. B. O'Leary, C. M. Marchetti, R. K. Krishnan, B. P. Stetzer, F. Gonzalez, and J. P. Kirwan Exercise-induced reversal of insulin resistance in obese elderly is associated with reduced visceral fat J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2006; 100(5): 1584 - 1589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D.-J. Kim and E. Barrett-Connor Association of serum proinsulin with hormone replacement therapy in nondiabetic older women: the rancho bernardo study. Diabetes Care, March 1, 2006; 29(3): 618 - 624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. E. Van Pelt, C. M. Jankowski, W. S. Gozansky, R. S. Schwartz, and W. M. Kohrt Lower-Body Adiposity and Metabolic Protection in Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2005; 90(8): 4573 - 4578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. Fairey, K. S. Courneya, C. J. Field, G. J. Bell, L. W. Jones, and J. R. Mackey Effects of Exercise Training on Fasting Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Insulin-like Growth Factors, and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2003; 12(8): 721 - 727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E. Van Pelt, W. S. Gozansky, R. S. Schwartz, and W. M. Kohrt Intravenous estrogens increase insulin clearance and action in postmenopausal women Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2003; 285(2): E311 - E317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Figueroa, S. B. Going, L. A. Milliken, R. M. Blew, S. Sharp, P. J. Teixeira, and T. G. Lohman Effects of Exercise Training and Hormone Replacement Therapy on Lean and Fat Mass in Postmenopausal Women J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., March 1, 2003; 58(3): M266 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E. Van Pelt, E. M. Evans, K. B. Schechtman, A. A. Ehsani, and W. M. Kohrt Contributions of total and regional fat mass to risk for cardiovascular disease in older women Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2002; 282(5): E1023 - E1028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
