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J Appl Physiol 90: 1833-1841, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 90, Issue 5, 1833-1841, May 2001

Inspiratory lung impedance in COPD: effects of PEEP and immediate impact of lung volume reduction surgery

David W. Kaczka1, Edward P. Ingenito2, Simon C. Body3, Sabine E. Duffy3, Steven J. Mentzer4, Malcolm M. DeCamp4, and Kenneth R. Lutchen1

1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston 02215; and 2 Pulmonary Division, 3 Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, and 4 Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Frequency-dependent characteristics of lung resistance (RL) and elastance (EL) are sensitive to different patterns of airway obstruction. We used an enhanced ventilator waveform (EVW) to measure inspiratory RL and EL spectra in ventilated patients during thoracic surgery. The EVW delivers an inspiratory flow waveform with enhanced spectral excitation from 0.156 to 8.1 Hz. Estimates of the coefficients in a trigonometric approximation of the EVW flow and transpulmonary pressure inspirations yielded inspiratory RL and EL spectra. We applied the EVW in a group with mild obstruction undergoing various thoracoscopic procedures (n = 6), and another group with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing lung volume reduction surgery (n = 8). Measurements were made at positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 0, 3, and 6 cmH2O. Inspiratory RL was similar in both groups despite marked differences in spirometry. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients demonstrated a pronounced frequency-dependent increase in inspiratory EL consistent with severe heterogeneous peripheral airway obstruction. PEEP appears to have beneficial effects by reducing peripheral airway resistance. Lung volume reduction surgery resulted in increased inspiratory RL and EL at all frequencies and PEEPs, possibly due to loss of diseased lung tissue, pulmonary edema, increased mechanical heterogeneity, and/or an improvement in airway tethering.

positive end-expiratory pressure; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; inspiratory lung resistance; inspiratory lung elastance; enhanced ventilator waveform


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