Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 90: 1631-1638, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 90, Issue 5, 1631-1638, May 2001

Respiratory mechanics and lung development in the rat from early age to adulthood

R. F. M. Gomes1, F. Shardonofsky2, D. H. Eidelman1, and J. H. T. Bates3

1 Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2X 2P2; 2 Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030; and 3 Vermont Lung Center, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05446

The purpose of the present study was to establish how the dependence of respiratory mechanics on lung inflation changes during development. We studied seven groups of rats from 10 days to 3 mo of age at five levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) from 0 to 7 hPa (1 hPa = 0.1 kPa approx  1 cmH2O). At each PEEP level, we measured respiratory system resistance and elastance at both 0.9 and 4.8 Hz to partition the mechanical properties into its airway and tissue components. Elastance increased more rapidly with PEEP in the younger animals, which we interpret as reflecting a more pronounced strain stiffening of the younger parenchyma. However, the decrease in airway resistance with PEEP was more pronounced in the older animals. Morphometric analysis showed that mean tissue density decreased and total alveolar surface area increased with age. Our data suggest that the mechanical interdependence between airways and parenchyma is weaker in very young animals compared with mature animals. This may play a role in the hyperresponsiveness of immaturity.

maturation; respiratory system impedance; forced oscillations; lung structure; morphometry; hyperresponsiveness


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