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J Appl Physiol 90: 989-996, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 90, Issue 3, 989-996, March 2001

Basophils and exercise-induced hypoxemia in extreme athletes

Patrick Mucci1, Fabienne Durand2, Bernard Lebel3, Jean Bousquet3, and Christian Préfaut2

1 Laboratoire d'Analyse Multidisciplinaire des Pratiques Sportives, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives de Liévin, Université d'Artois, 62800 Lievin; 2 Laboratoire de Physiologie des Interactions, Unité Propre à la Recherche et à l'Enseignement Supérieur EA701, and 3 Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 454, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 34295 Montpellier, France

This study examined whether the increase in histamine release (%H, i.e., plasma histamine expressed as a percentage of whole blood histamine) associated with exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) is related to high training-induced changes in basophil and osmolarity factors in arterial blood. All parameters were measured in 20 endurance athletes, 11 of whom presented an EIH (HThyp) and 9 of whom were nonhypoxemic (HTnor), and in 10 untrained control subjects (UT). Measurements were made at rest, at the maximal workload of an incremental exhaustive exercise test, and at the fifth minute of recovery. %H increased during exercise in HThyp (P < 0.01) but did not increase significantly in HTnor and UT controls. The results indicated that 1) osmolarity and Na+ and K+ concentrations did not differ between the two trained groups and 2) the basophil count and basophil histamine content did not differ among groups. We concluded that the %H increase associated with EIH was not due to a training effect on these parameters. The relatively low increase in histamine content during exercise in HThyp in comparison to HTnor (P < 0.05) and UT (P < 0.01) and the low recovery vs. resting basophil count only in HThyp (P < 0.01) suggested an accentuated exercise-induced basophil degranulation in the hypoxemic athletes.

healthy men; incremental exhaustive exercise; cation concentration


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