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J Appl Physiol 90: 486-492, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 90, Issue 2, 486-492, February 2001

CO2-controlled sampling of alveolar gas in mechanically ventilated patients

Jochen K. Schubert, Karl-Heinz Spittler, Guenther Braun, Klaus Geiger, and Josef Guttmann

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany

A newly designed gas-sampling device using end-tidal CO2 to separate dead space gas from alveolar gas was evaluated in 12 mechanically ventilated patients. For that purpose, CO2-controlled sampling was compared with mixed expiratory sampling. Alveolar sampling valves were easily controlled via CO2 concentration. Concentrations of four volatile substances were determined in the expired and inspired gas. Isoflurane and isoprene, which did not occur in the inspired air, had ratios of end-tidal to mixed expired concentrations of 1.75 and 1.81, respectively. Acetone and pentane, found in both the inspired and expired air, showed ratios of 0.96 and 1.0, respectively. Precision of concentration measurements was between 2.4% (isoprene) and 11.2% (isoflurane); reproducibility (as coefficient of variation) was 5%. Because the only possible source of isoflurane and isoprene in this setting was patients' blood, selective enrichment of alveolar gas was demonstrated. By using the new sampling technique, sensitivity of breath analysis was nearly doubled.

acetone; breath analysis; isoflurane; isoprene; pentane


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