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1 Human Performance Laboratory, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812-1825; and 2 Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Geriatrics Service, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
The purpose of this investigation
was to determine whether plasma glucose kinetics and substrate
oxidation during exercise are dependent on the phase of the menstrual
cycle. Once during the follicular (F) and luteal (L) phases, moderately
trained subjects [peak O2 uptake
(
O2) = 48.2 ± 1.1 ml · min
1 · kg1;
n = 6] cycled for 25 min at ~70% of the
O2 at their respective lactate threshold
(70%LT), followed immediately by 25 min at 90%LT. Rates of plasma
glucose appearance (Ra) and disappearance (Rd) were determined with a primed constant infusion of
[6,6-2H]glucose, and total carbohydrate (CHO) and fat
oxidation were determined with indirect calorimetry. At rest and during
exercise at 70%LT, there were no differences in glucose Ra
or Rd between phases. CHO and fat oxidation were not
different between phases at 70%LT. At 90%LT, glucose Ra
(28.8 ± 4.8 vs. 33.7 ± 4.5 µmol · min1 · kg1;
P < 0.05) and Rd (28.4 ± 4.8 vs.
34.0 ± 4.1 µmol · min1 · kg1;
P < 0.05) were lower during the L phase. In addition,
at 90%LT, CHO oxidation was lower during the L compared with the F
phase (82.0 ± 12.3 vs. 93.8 ± 9.7 µmol · min1 · kg1;
P < 0.05). Conversely, total fat oxidation was greater
during the L phase at 90%LT (7.46 ± 1.01 vs. 6.05 ± 0.89 µmol · min1 · kg1;
P < 0.05). Plasma lactate concentration was also lower
during the L phase at 90%LT concentrations (2.48 ± 0.41 vs.
3.08 ± 0.39 mmol/l; P < 0.05). The lower CHO
utilization during the L phase was associated with an elevated resting
estradiol (P < 0.05). These results indicate that
plasma glucose kinetics and CHO oxidation during moderate-intensity
exercise are lower during the L compared with the F phase in women.
These differences may have been due to differences in circulating estradiol.
carbohydrate oxidation; fat oxidation; estradiol; lactate threshold
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