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J Appl Physiol 90: 99-104, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 90, Issue 1, 99-104, January 2001

Reductions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with improvements in VO2 max

Nicole A. Lynch, Barbara J. Nicklas, Dora M. Berman, Karen E. Dennis, and Andrew P. Goldberg

Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201

The accumulation of visceral fat is independently associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the loss of visceral adipose tissue area (VAT; computed tomography) is related to improvements in maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max) during a weight loss (250-350 kcal/day deficit) and walking (3 days/wk, 30-40 min) intervention. Forty obese [body fat 47 ± 1 (SE) %], sedentary (VO2 max 19 ± 1 ml · kg-1 · min-1) postmenopausal women (age 62 ± 1 yr) participated in the study. The intervention resulted in significant declines in body weight (-8%), total fat mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; -17%), VAT (-17%), and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (-17%) with no change in lean body mass (all P < 0.001). Women with an average 10% increase in VO2 max reduced VAT by an average of 20%, whereas those who did not increase VO2 max decreased VAT by only 10%, despite comparable reductions in body fat, fat mass, and subcutaneous adipose tissue area. The decrease in VAT was independently related to the change in VO2 max (r2 = 0.22; P < 0.01) and fat mass (r2 = 0.08; P = 0.05). These data indicate that greater improvements in VO2 max with weight loss and walking are associated with greater reductions in visceral adiposity in obese postmenopausal women.

obesity; postmenopausal women; exercise; intra-abdominal fat; maximal oxygen uptake


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