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Departments of 1 Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, 2 Animal Sciences, and 3 Medical Physiology, and 4 Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
The purpose of the present
study was to test the hypothesis that gender influences exercise
training-induced adaptations of vascular reactivity of porcine arteries
that provide blood flow to skeletal muscle and femoral and brachial
arteries. Male and female Yucatan miniature swine were exercise trained
on a motor-driven treadmill or cage confined for 16-20 wk.
Contractile responses of arterial rings were evaluated in vitro by
determining concentration-response curves for endothelin-1 (ET-1;
10
10 to 107 M) and norepinephrine (NE;
1010 to 104 M). Relaxation
responses of arteries precontracted with 30 µM PGF2
were examined for endothelium-dependent agents [bradykinin (BK;
1011 to 106 M), ACh (1010 to
104 M), and a Ca2+ ionophore, A-23187
(106 M)] and a endothelium-independent agent [sodium
nitroprusside (1010 to 104 M)].
Arteries from female pigs developed greater contractile force in
response to ET-1 than arteries from male pigs, whereas contractile
responses to NE and KCl were similar in arteries from both genders.
Femoral arteries from females exhibited greater endothelium-mediated
vasorelaxation (BK and ACh) than did those from males. In contrast,
brachial arteries of males were more responsive to BK and ACh than
brachial arteries of females. Exercise training increased ET-1-induced
contractions in arteries from males (without endothelium) but not in
arteries from females. Training had no effect on endothelium-dependent
relaxation in arteries from males but increased relaxation responses in
brachial arteries from females. We conclude that both gender and
anatomic origin of the artery influence exercise training-induced
adaptations of vascular reactivity of porcine skeletal muscle conduit arteries.
endothelium; acetylcholine; skeletal muscle blood flow; vascular smooth muscle; NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; endothelin-derived relaxing factor; indomethacin; nitric oxide; prostacyclin; endothelin; A-23187; nitroprusside
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