| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
Exposure of humans to ambient levels of ozone (O3) causes inflammatory changes within lung tissues. These changes have been reported for the "initial" (1- to 3-h) and "late" (18- to 20-h) postexposure periods. We hypothesized that at the late period, when protein and cellular markers of inflammation at the airway surface remain abnormal and the integrity of the epithelial barrier is compromised, bronchial reactivity would be increased. To test this, we measured airway responsiveness to cumulative doses of methacholine (MCh) aerosol in healthy subjects 19 ± 1 h after a single exposure to O3 (130 min at ambient levels between 120 and 240 parts/billion and alternate periods of rest and moderate exercise) or filtered air. Exposures were conducted at two temperatures: mild (22°C) and moderate (30°C). At the late period, bronchial reactivity to MCh increased, i.e., interpolated dose of MCh leading to a 50% fall in specific airway conductance (PC50) was less after O3 than after filtered air. PC50 for O3 at 22°C was 27 mg/ml (20% less than the PC50 after filtered air), and for O3 at 30°C it was 19 mg/ml (70% less than the PC50 after filtered air). The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) at the late time point after O3 was slightly but significantly reduced (2.3%) from the preexposure level. There was no relationship found between the functional changes observed early after exposure to O3 and subsequent changes in bronchial reactivity or FEV1 at the late time point. These results suggest that bronchial reactivity is significantly altered ~1 day after O3; this injury may contribute to the respiratory morbidity that is observed 1-2 days after an episode of ambient air pollution.
specific airway conductance; methacholine
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. A. Voynow, B. M. Fischer, S. Zheng, E. N. Potts, A. R. Grover, A. K. Jaiswal, A. J. Ghio, and W. M. Foster NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 Is Essential for Ozone-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mice and Humans Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., July 1, 2009; 41(1): 107 - 113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. M. Vancza, K. Galdanes, A. Gunnison, G. Hatch, and T. Gordon Age, Strain, and Gender as Factors for Increased Sensitivity of the Mouse Lung to Inhaled Ozone Toxicol. Sci., February 1, 2009; 107(2): 535 - 543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Johnston, J. P. Mizgerd, L. Flynt, L. J. Quinton, E. S. Williams, and S. A. Shore Type I Interleukin-1 Receptor Is Required for Pulmonary Responses to Subacute Ozone Exposure in Mice Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2007; 37(4): 477 - 484. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. Hollingsworth, S. R. Kleeberger, and W. M. Foster Ozone and Pulmonary Innate Immunity Proceedings of the ATS, July 1, 2007; 4(3): 240 - 246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Chen, M. Arjomandi, H. Qin, J. Balmes, I. Tager, and N. Holland Cytogenetic damage in buccal epithelia and peripheral lymphocytes of young healthy individuals exposed to ozone Mutagenesis, March 1, 2006; 21(2): 131 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. E. Belmonte Cholinergic Pathways in the Lungs and Anticholinergic Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2005; 2(4): 297 - 304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. Hollingsworth, B. J. Chen, D. M. Brass, K. Berman, M. D. Gunn, D. N. Cook, and D. A. Schwartz The Critical Role of Hematopoietic Cells in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Airway Inflammation Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 15, 2005; 171(8): 806 - 813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Johnston, J. P. Mizgerd, and S. A. Shore CXCR2 is essential for maximal neutrophil recruitment and methacholine responsiveness after ozone exposure Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): L61 - L67. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Hollingsworth II, D. N. Cook, D. M. Brass, J. K. L. Walker, D. L. Morgan, W. M. Foster, and D. A. Schwartz The Role of Toll-like Receptor 4 in Environmental Airway Injury in Mice Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2004; 170(2): 126 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Michalec, B. K. Choudhury, E. Postlethwait, J. S. Wild, R. Alam, M. Lett-Brown, and S. Sur CCL7 and CXCL10 Orchestrate Oxidative Stress-Induced Neutrophilic Lung Inflammation J. Immunol., January 15, 2002; 168(2): 846 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
