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J Appl Physiol 89: 1380-1386, 2000;
8750-7587/00 $5.00
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Vol. 89, Issue 4, 1380-1386, October 2000

Lower limb skeletal muscle mass: development of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry prediction model

Rick Shih, Zimian Wang, Moonseong Heo, Wei Wang, and Steven B. Heymsfield

Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10025

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can accurately measure lower limb skeletal muscle (SM) mass, this method is complex and costly. A potential practical alternative is to estimate lower limb SM with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The aim of the present study was to develop and validate DXA-SM prediction equations. Identical landmarks (i.e., inferior border of the ischial tuberosity) were selected for separating lower limb from trunk. Lower limb SM was measured by MRI, and lower limb fat-free soft tissue was measured by DXA. A total of 207 adults (104 men and 103 women) were evaluated [age 43 ± 16 (SD) yr, body mass index (BMI) 24.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2]. Strong correlations were observed between lower limb SM and lower limb fat-free soft tissue (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.001); age and BMI were small but significant SM predictor variables. In the cross-validation sample, the differences between MRI-measured and DXA-predicted SM mass were small (-0.006 ± 1.07 and -0.016 ± 1.05 kg) for two different proposed prediction equations, one with fat-free soft tissue and the other with added age and BMI as predictor variables. DXA-measured lower limb fat-free soft tissue, along with other easily acquired measures, can be used to reliably predict lower limb skeletal muscle mass.

regional skeletal muscle; body composition; nutritional assessment


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