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J Appl Physiol 89: 1352-1359, 2000;
8750-7587/00 $5.00
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Vol. 89, Issue 4, 1352-1359, October 2000

Dynamic viscoelastic behavior of lower extremity tendons during simulated running

M. De Zee1, F. Bojsen-Møller2, and M. Voigt1

1 Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg; and 2 Laboratory for Functional Anatomy, Biomechanics and Motor Control, Panum Institute, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark

The aim of this project was to see whether the tendon would show creep during long-term dynamic loading (here referred to as dynamic creep). Pig tendons were loaded by a material-testing machine with a human Achilles tendon force profile (1.37 Hz, 3% strain, 1,600 cycles), which was obtained in an earlier in vivo experiment during running. All the pig tendons showed some dynamic creep during cyclic loading (between 0.23 ± 0.15 and 0.42 ± 0.21%, means ± SD). The pig tendon data were used as an input of a model to predict dynamic creep in the human Achilles tendon during running of a marathon and to evaluate whether there might consequently be an influence on group Ia afferent-mediated length and velocity feedback from muscle spindles. The predicted dynamic creep in the Achilles tendon was considered to be too small to have a significant influence on the length and velocity feedback from soleus during running. In spite of the characteristic nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of tendons, our results demonstrate that these properties have a minor effect on the ability of tendons to act as predictable, stable, and elastic force transmitters during long-term cyclic loading.

digital tendon; Achilles tendon; creep; dynamic creep


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