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Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
The present study was undertaken to determine what roles
the various cerebellar deep nuclei (CDN) play in modulation of
respiration, especially during chemical challenges. Experiments were
carried out in 12 anesthetized, tracheotomized, paralyzed, and
ventilated rats. The integrated phrenic nerve activity (
PN) was
recorded as an index of respiratory motor output. A stimulating
electrode was sequentially placed into the fastigial nucleus (FN), the
interposed nucleus, and the lateral nucleus. Only stimulation of the FN
significantly altered respiration, primarily via increasing respiratory
frequency associated with a pressor response. The evoked respiratory
responses persisted after blocking the pressor response via
pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine or use of transient stimulation (<2
s) but were abolished by microinjection of kainic acid into the FN. To test the involvement of FN neurons in respiratory chemoreflexes, ventilation with hypercapnic gases mixture and intravenous injection of
sodium cyanide were applied before and after CDN lesions induced by
kainic acid. CDN lesions did not significantly alter eupneic breathing,
but FN lesions attenuated the respiratory response to hypercapnia and
sodium cyanide. We conclude that, with respect to the CDN in the rat,
FN neurons uniquely modulate respiration independent of cardiovascular
effects and facilitate respiratory responses mediated by activation of
CO2 and O2 receptors.
fastigial nucleus; hypercapnia; sodium cyanide
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