Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 89: 1151-1158, 2000;
8750-7587/00 $5.00
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Vol. 89, Issue 3, 1151-1158, September 2000

Glucose uptake is increased in trained vs. untrained muscle during heavy exercise

Søren Kristiansen, Jon Gade, Jørgen F. P. Wojtaszewski, Bente Kiens, and Erik A. Richter

Department of Human Physiology, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

Endurance training increases muscle content of glucose transporter proteins (GLUT-4) but decreases glucose utilization during exercise at a given absolute submaximal intensity. We hypothesized that glucose uptake might be higher in trained vs. untrained muscle during heavy exercise in the glycogen-depleted state. Eight untrained subjects endurance trained one thigh for 3 wk using a knee-extensor ergometer. The subjects then performed two-legged glycogen-depleting exercise and consumed a carbohydrate-free meal thereafter to keep muscle glycogen concentration low. The next morning, subjects performed dynamic knee extensions with both thighs simultaneously at 60, 80, and until exhaustion at 100% of each thigh's peak workload. Glucose uptake was similar in both thighs during exercise at 60% of thigh peak workload. At the end of 80 and at 100% of peak workload, glucose uptake was on average 33 and 22% higher, respectively, in trained compared with untrained muscle (P < 0.05). Training increased the muscle content of GLUT-4 by 66% (P < 0.05). At exhaustion, glucose extraction correlated significantly (r = 0.61) with total muscle GLUT-4 protein. Thus, when working at a high load with low glycogen concentrations, muscle glucose uptake is significantly higher in trained than in untrained muscle. This may be due to the higher GLUT-4 protein concentration in trained muscle.

glucose transporter-4; human skeletal muscle; glycogen


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