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Department of Human Physiology, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
The effect of endurance
training on neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) content and
distribution in muscle was investigated. Seven male subjects performed
6 wk of one-legged knee-extensor endurance training (protocol
A). Muscle biopsies, obtained from vastus lateralis muscle in the
untrained and the trained leg, were analyzed for nNOS protein and
activity as well as immunohistochemical distribution of nNOS and
endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Muscle biopsies were also
obtained from another seven male subjects before and after 6 wk of
training by endurance running (protocol B) and analyzed for
nNOS protein. No difference was found in the amount of nNOS protein in
the untrained and the trained muscle either with protocol A
or protocol B (P > 0.05). In protocol
A, the activity of nNOS was 4.76 ± 0.56 pmol · mg
protein
1 · min1 in the control leg,
and the level was not different in the trained leg (P > 0.05). nNOS was present in the sarcolemma and cytosol of type I and
type II muscle fibers, and the qualitative distribution was similar in
untrained and trained muscle. The number of eNOS immunoreactive
structures and the number of capillaries per muscle fiber were higher
(P < 0.05) after training than before. The present findings demonstrate that, in contrast to findings on animals, nNOS
levels remain unaltered with endurance training in humans. Evidence is
also provided that endurance training may increase the amount of eNOS,
in parallel with an increase in capillaries in human muscle.
nitric oxide synthase activity; immunohistochemistry; nitrite; nitrate; exercise; endothelial nitric oxide synthase
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