Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 89: 840-847, 2000;
8750-7587/00 $5.00
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Vol. 89, Issue 2, 840-847, August 2000

HIGHLIGHTED TOPICS
Physiology of a Microgravity Environment
Invited Review: What do we know about the effects of spaceflight on bone?

Russell T. Turner

Departments of Orthopedics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905

This review of the peer-reviewed literature focuses on the effects of spaceflight on bone. Studies performed in humans and laboratory animals have revealed abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism that suggest that long-duration spaceflight will have detrimental effects on the skeleton. However, because of large gaps in our knowledge, it is not presently possible to estimate the magnitude of the health risk, individual variations in risk, effective countermeasures, or mechanism(s) of action. Specific recommendations are made for future research to ascertain risk and develop appropriate countermeasures.

gravity; osteoporosis; weightlessness; space travel; microgravity; mineral metabolism


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