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1 Children's Hospital, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; and 2 John B. Pierce Laboratory and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06519
The impact of body core
heating on the interaction between the cutaneous and central
circulation during blood pressure challenges was examined in eight
adults. Subjects were exposed to 
10 to 90 mmHg lower body
negative pressure (LBNP) in thermoneutral conditions and 10 to
60 mmHg LBNP during heat stress. We measured forearm vascular
conductance (FVC;
ml · min
1 · 100 ml1 · mmHg1) by
plethysmography; cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) by laser-Doppler
techniques; and central venous pressure, arterial blood pressure, and
cardiac output by impedance cardiography. Heat stress increased FVC
from 5.7 ± 0.9 to 18.8 ± 1.3 conductance units (CU) and CVC from
0.21 ± 0.07 to 1.02 ± 0.20 CU. The FVC-CVP relationship was linear
over the entire range of LBNP and was shifted upward during heat stress
with a slope increase from 0.46 ± 0.10 to 1.57 ± 0.3 CU/mmHg CVP
(P < 0.05). Resting CVP was lower during heat stress (6.3 ± 0.6 vs. 7.7 ± 0.6 mmHg; P < 0.05) but fell to
similar levels during LBNP as in normothermic conditions. Data analysis
indicates an increased capacity, but not sensitivity, of peripheral
baroreflex responses during heat stress. Laser-Doppler techniques
detected thermoregulatory responses in the skin, but no significant
change in CVC occurred during mild-to-moderate LBNP. Interestingly,
very high levels of LBNP produced cutaneous vasodilation in some subjects.
forearm blood flow; baroreceptor; central venous pressure; lower body negative pressure
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