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1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital and Monash University Medical School, Prahran, Melbourne, Victoria 3181; and 2 Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
Anatomic dead space (VD) is
known to increase with end-inspiratory lung volume (EILV), and the
gradient of the relationship has been proposed as an index of airway
distensibility (
VD). The aims of this study were to
apply a rapid method for measuring VD and to determine
whether it was affected by lung volume history. VD of 16 healthy and 16 mildly asthmatic subjects was measured at a number of
known EILVs by using a tidal breathing, CO2-washout method.
The effect of lung volume history was assessed by using three tidal
breathing regimens: 1) three discrete EILVs (low/medium/high; LMH); 2) progressively decreasing EILVs from total lung
capacity (TLC; TLC-RV); and 3) progressively increasing EILVs
from residual volume (RV; RV-TLC). VD was lower in the
asthmatic group for the LMH (25.3 ± 2.24 vs. 21.2 ± 1.66 ml/l,
means ± SE) and TLC-RV (24.3 ± 1.69 vs. 18.7 ± 1.16 ml/l)
regimens. There was a trend for a lower VD in the
asthmatic group for the RV-TLC regimen (23.3 ± 2.19 vs. 18.8 ± 1.68 ml/l). There was no difference in VD between groups. In
conclusion, mild asthmatic subjects have stiffer airways than normal
subjects, and this is not obviously affected by lung volume history.
airway remodeling; airway compliance; anatomic dead space
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