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1 Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science, 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, and 3 Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
Because muscles must be repetitively activated during functional electrical stimulation, it is desirable to identify the stimulation pattern that produces the most force. Previous experimental work has shown that the optimal pattern contains an initial high-frequency burst of pulses (i.e., an initial doublet or triplet) followed by a low, constant-frequency portion. Pattern optimization is particularly challenging, because a muscle's contractile characteristics and, therefore, the optimal pattern change under different physiological conditions and are different for each person. This work describes the continued development and testing of a mathematical model that predicts isometric forces from fresh and fatigued muscles in response to brief trains of electrical pulses. By use of this model and an optimization algorithm, stimulation patterns that produced maximum forces from each subject were identified.
functional electrical stimulation; fatigue; human quadriceps femoris muscle; doublets; variable-frequency trains
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