Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 87: 2334-2340, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 87, Issue 6, 2334-2340, December 1999

Cardiovascular hemodynamics with increasing exercise intensities in postmenopausal women

Steve D. McCole1,2, Michael D. Brown1,3, Geoffrey E. Moore1, Joseph M. Zmuda1, Jeffrey D. Cwynar1, and James M. Hagberg1,3

1 Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; 2 Department of Human Kinetics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201; and 3 Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742

We sought to determine the cardiovascular responses to increasing exercise intensities in postmenopausal women with different physical activity levels and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) status. Forty-four women (11 sedentary, 19 physically active, 14 master athletes; 24 not on HRT, 20 on HRT) completed treadmill exercise at 40, 60, 80, and 100% of maximal oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output, determined via acetylene rebreathing, were measured at each exercise intensity. HRT did not affect cardiovascular hemodynamics. Stroke volume (SV) decreased significantly between 40 and 100% of maximal oxygen consumption in all groups, and the decrease did not differ among groups. The greater oxygen consumption of the athletes at each intensity was due to their significantly greater cardiac output, which was the result of a significantly greater SV, compared with both of the less active groups. The athletes had significantly lower total peripheral resistance at each exercise intensity than did the two less active groups. There were no consistent significant hemodynamic differences between the physically active and sedentary women. These results indicate that SV decreases in postmenopausal women as exercise intensity increases to maximum, regardless of their habitual physical activity levels or HRT status.

cardiac output; stroke volume; oxygen consumption; estrogen


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