Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 87: 2136-2142, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 87, Issue 6, 2136-2142, December 1999

Enhanced endothelial vasoreactivity in endurance-trained older men

Tomasz M. Rywik1,2, Marc R. Blackman3, Alberto R. Yataco4, Peter V. Vaitkevicius3, Richard C. Zink1, Ernest H. Cottrell3, Jeanette G. Wright1, Leslie I. Katzel4, and Jerome L. Fleg1

1 Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224; 2 II Department of Valvular Heart Disease, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; 3 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and 4 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201

Using external vascular ultrasound, we measured brachial artery diameter (Diam) at rest, after release of 4 min of limb ischemia, i.e., endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD), and after sublingual nitroglycerin, i.e., non-endothelium-dependent dilation (NonEDD), in 35 healthy men aged 61-83 yr: 12 endurance athletes (A) and 23 controls (C). As anticipated, treadmill exercise maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) was significantly higher in A than in C (40.2 ± 6.6 vs. 27.9 ± 3.8 ml · kg-1 · min-1; respectively, P < 0.0001). With regard to arterial physiology, A had greater EDD (8.9 ± 4.2 vs. 5.7 ± 3.5%; P = 0.02) and a tendency for higher NonEDD (13.9 ± 6.7 vs. 9.7 ± 4.2%; P = 0.07) compared with C. By multiple linear regression analysis in the combined sample of older men, only baseline Diam (beta  = -2.0, where beta  is the regression coefficient; P = 0.005) and VO2 max (beta  = 0.23; P = 0.003) were independent predictors of EDD; similarly, only Diam (beta  = -4.0; P = 0.003) and VO2 max (beta  = 0.27; P = 0.01) predicted NonEDD. Thus endurance-trained older men demonstrate both augmented EDD and NonEDD, consistent with a generalized enhanced vasodilator responsiveness, compared with their sedentary age peers.

endothelial function; exercise; training


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