Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 87: 611-618, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 87, Issue 2, 611-618, August 1999

Effect of epinephrine on alveolar liquid clearance in the rat

Paul D. Charron1, J. Phillip Fawley2, and Michael B. Maron1

1 Department of Physiology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio 44272; and 2 Department of Biology, Westminster College, New Wilmington, Pennsylvania 16172

Endogenous epinephrine has been found to increase alveolar liquid clearance (ALC) in several pulmonary edema models. In this study, we infused epinephrine intravenously for 1 h in anesthetized rats to produce plasma epinephrine concentrations commonly observed in this species under stressful conditions and measured ALC by mass balance. Epinephrine increased ALC from 31.5 ± 3.2 to 48.9 ± 1.1 (SE)% of the instilled volume (P < 0.05). The increased ALC was prevented by either propranolol or amiloride. To determine whether ALC returns to normal after plasma epinephrine concentration normalizes, we measured ALC 2 h after stopping an initial 1-h epinephrine infusion and found ALC to be at baseline values. Finally, to determine whether desensitization of the liquid clearance response occurs, we evaluated the effects of both repeated 1-h infusions and a continuous 4-h infusion of epinephrine on ALC and found no reduction in ALC under either condition. We conclude that epinephrine increases ALC by stimulating beta -adrenoceptors and sodium transport, that the increase is reversible once plasma epinephrine concentration normalizes, and that desensitization of the ALC response does not appear to occur after 4 h of continuous epinephrine exposure.

pulmonary edema; lung fluid balance; alveolar epithelium; beta 2-adrenergic agonist; homologous desensitization; downregulation





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