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Laboratoire de Plasticité Neuromusculaire, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille I, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq Cedex, France
The purpose of this
study was to investigate whether tendon vibration could prevent soleus
muscle atrophy during hindlimb unloading (HU). Mechanical vibrations
with a constant low amplitude (0.3 mm) were applied (192 s/day) with
constant frequency (120 Hz) to the Achilles tendon of the unloaded
muscle during the 14-day HU period. Significant reductions in muscle
mass (
41%), fiber size, maximal twitch (54%), and
tetanic tensions (73%) as well as changes in fiber type and
electrophoretic profiles and twitch-time parameters (31% in the
contraction time and 30% in the half relaxation time) were
found after 14 days of HU when compared with the control soleus. Tendon
vibration applied during HU significantly attenuated, but did not
prevent, 1) the loss of muscle mass
(17 vs. 41%); 2) the decrease in
the fiber cross-sectional area of type IIA (28 vs. 50%)
and type IIC (29 vs. 56%) fibers; and 3) the decrease in maximal twitch
(3 vs. 54%) and maximal tetanic tensions (29 vs.
73%) and the half relaxation time (1 vs. 30%). Changes
in the contraction time and in histological and electrophoretical parameters associated with HU were not counteracted. These findings suggest that tendon vibration can be used as a paradigm to counteract the atrophic process observed after HU.
hindlimb unloading; muscular atrophy; countermeasure
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