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J Appl Physiol 86: 1778-1784, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 86, Issue 6, 1778-1784, June 1999

Dextran restores albumin-inhibited surface activity of pulmonary surfactant extract

Tsutomu Kobayashi, Keisuke Ohta, Katsumi Tashiro, Kazuo Nishizuka, Wei-Min Chen, Shigeo Ohmura, and Ken Yamamoto

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan

We examined the effect of dextran (molecular weight 71,000) in counteracting the surfactant inhibitory action of plasma albumin. The surface adsorption time of 0.5 mg/ml modified natural surfactant (MNS; porcine lung extract consisting of phospholipids and hydrophobic surfactant proteins) with 7.5 mg/ml albumin decreased from 681 to 143 s by addition of dextran at a concentration of 10 mg/ml (P < 0.01). The minimum surface tension of 2.0 mg/ml MNS with 30 mg/ml albumin decreased from over 21 mN/m to below 3 mN/m when dextran was added at a concentration of 10 mg/ml (P < 0.01). Surfactant-deficient newborn rabbits given 10 ml/kg of a liquid containing 2.0 mg/ml MNS with 30 mg/ml albumin had a mean tidal volume <= 5 ml/kg after 5 min of mechanical ventilation, but, in those animals given the liquid containing 10 mg/ml dextran also, the volume was >13 ml/kg (P < 0.05). Although the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated, we conclude that dextran restores the albumin-inhibited surface activity of MNS.

surface tension; newborn rabbit; surface adsorption; surfactant inhibitor; tidal volume


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