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J Appl Physiol 86: 1721-1727, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 86, Issue 5, 1721-1727, May 1999

Altered contractile sensitivity of isolated bronchial artery to phenylephrine in ovalbumin-sensitized rabbits

A. O. A. Zschauer, M. W. Sielczak, and A. Wanner

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida 33140

We tested the hypothesis that atopy and/or allergic lung inflammation enhances alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions of the bronchial artery. Bronchial arterial resistance vessels were isolated from rabbits that had undergone either systemic ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization followed by saline aerosol challenge (OVA/saline rabbits), or OVA sensitization followed by OVA aerosol challenge (OVA/OVA rabbits), or no sensitization followed by saline aerosol challenge (control rabbits). In OVA/OVA rabbits, bronchoalveolar lavage and lung histology revealed lymphocytic and eosinophilic inflammation. Arterial rings were contracted with phenylephrine (PE). In endothelium-intact arteries isolated from OVA/saline and OVA/OVA rabbits, PE responsiveness was enhanced compared with that of arteries isolated from controls. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester increased the contractile response to PE in all three experimental groups to a similar degree, suggesting that depressed NOS activity was not involved in the enhanced PE responsiveness in OVA/saline and OVA/OVA rabbits. After endothelium removal, arteries from OVA/saline and control rabbits showed similar PE responsiveness, indicating that the enhancement of PE responsiveness was endothelium dependent, possibly due to an endothelial constricting factor. In OVA/OVA rabbits, endothelium-denuded arteries showed decreased PE responsiveness compared with the other two groups; this difference was abolished by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. We conclude that systemic sensitization with OVA per se enhances PE-induced contractions of isolated bronchial arteries in rabbits by an endothelium-dependent mechanism and that allergic lung inflammation attenuates this effect by increased nonendothelial NOS activity.

allergy; bronchoalveolar lavage; endothelium; nitric oxide; vasoconstriction


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