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J Appl Physiol 86: 1561-1569, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 86, Issue 5, 1561-1569, May 1999

Vagal afferents and active upper airway closure during pulmonary edema in lambs

Véronique Diaz1,2, Dominique Dorion1,3, Irenej Kianicka1,2, Patrick Létourneau1,2
Jean-Paul Praud1,2
(With the Technical Assistance of Bruno Gagné)

1 Pulmonary Research Unit and Departments of 2 Pediatrics and 3 Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4

The present study was undertaken to gain further insight into the mechanisms responsible for the sustained active expiratory upper airway closure previously observed during high-permeability pulmonary edema in lambs. The experiments were conducted in nonsedated lambs, in which airflow and thyroarytenoid and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle electromyographic activity were recorded. We first studied the consequences of hemodynamic pulmonary edema (induced by impeding pulmonary venous return) on upper airway dynamics in five lambs; under this condition, a sustained expiratory upper airway closure consistently appeared. We then tested whether expiratory upper airway closure was related to vagal afferent activity from bronchopulmonary receptors. Five bivagotomized lambs underwent high-permeability pulmonary edema: no sustained expiratory upper airway closure was observed. Finally, we studied whether a sustained decrease in lung volume induced a sustained expiratory upper airway closure. Five lambs underwent a 250-ml pleural infusion: no sustained expiratory upper airway closure was observed. We conclude that 1) the sustained expiratory upper airway closure observed during pulmonary edema in nonsedated lambs is related to stimulation of vagal afferents by an increase in lung water and 2) a decrease in lung volume does not seem to be the causal factor.

control of breathing; lung volume; newborn; vagus nerve; thyroarytenoid muscle; inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle


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