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J Appl Physiol 86: 1197-1201, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 86, Issue 4, 1197-1201, April 1999

Effect of a single bout of acute exercise on plasma human immunodeficiency virus RNA levels

Ronenn Roubenoff1,2,3, Paul R. Skolnik2, Abby Shevitz1, Laura Snydman1, Alicia Wang2, Suzanne Melanson2, and Sherwood Gorbach1,2

1 Department of Community Health and 2 Tupper Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston 02111; and 3 Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111

Acute exercise is known to activate the immune system and thus could lead to increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. We sought to determine whether a single acute bout of exercise, similar to what people experience when starting an intensive exercise program, has a detrimental effect on plasma HIV RNA levels. Twenty-five patients with HIV infection performed one 15-min bout of acute exercise. Absolute neutrophil counts, serum creatine phosphokinase, and 72-h urinary 3-methylhistidine (a marker of muscle protein breakdown) were measured before and after the exercise, along with plasma HIV RNA levels. There were increases in neutrophil counts (P < 0.06), serum creatine phosphokinase (P < 0.01), and urinary 3-methylhistidine (P < 0.01) in response to exercise, indicating a mild acute-phase response with muscle proteolysis. However, mean HIV RNA, which was elevated at baseline in 22 of the 25 subjects (mean of 4 × 105 ± 0.7 × 105 copies/ml), did not increase during the week after exercise (P = 0.12). Small changes in RNA were seen in the three subjects with initially undetectable HIV RNA, but the significance of these changes is unclear. Acute exercise does not have a deleterious effect on HIV replication in adults with high viral loads. Because regular exercise training has not been shown to activate the acute-phase response, the lack of increased viral loads in response to an acute exercise intervention suggests that exercise training is safe in people with HIV infection.

immune system; human immunodeficiency virus; human immunodeficiency virus infection; acute exercise


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