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1 Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32606; and 2 Allergy, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033
The present study was conducted to determine the
effects of administration of centrally active antitussive drugs on the
cough motor pattern. Electromyograms of diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles were recorded in anesthetized, spontaneously breathing cats.
Cough was produced by mechanical stimulation of the intrathoracic trachea. Centrally acting drugs administered included codeine, morphine, dextromethorphan, baclofen, CP-99,994, and SR-48,968. Intravertebral artery administration of all drugs reduced cough number
(number of coughs per stimulus trial) and rectus abdominis burst
amplitude in a dose-dependent manner. Codeine, dextromethorphan, CP-99,994, SR-48,968, and baclofen had no effect on cough cycle timing
(CTtot) or diaphragm amplitude
during cough, even at doses that inhibited cough number by
80-90%. Morphine lengthened
CTtot and inhibited diaphragm
amplitude during cough, but these effects were not dose dependent. Only
CP-99,994 altered the eupneic respiratory pattern. Central antitussive
drugs primarily suppress cough by inhibition of expiratory motor drive
and cough number. CTtot and inspiratory motor drive are relatively insensitive to the effects of
these drugs. CTtot can be
controlled independently from cough number.
diaphragm; abdominal; rectus abdominis; brain stem; control of breathing
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