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J Appl Physiol 86: 1002-1008, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 86, Issue 3, 1002-1008, March 1999

Exercise-induced alterations in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain phenotype: dose-response relationship

Haydar A. Demirel1,2, Scott K. Powers1, Hisashi Naito1, Michael Hughes1, and Jeff S. Coombes1

1 Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences and Physiology, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611; and 2 School of Sport Sciences and Technology, University of Hacettepe, Beytepe, Ankara, 06532, Turkey

This study investigated the effects of exercise training duration on the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform distribution in rat locomotor muscles. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (120 days old) were assigned to either a sedentary control group or to one of three endurance exercise training groups. Trained animals ran on a treadmill at ~75% maximal O2 uptake for 10 wk (4-5 days/wk) at one of three different exercise durations (30, 60, or 90 min/day). Training resulted in increases (P < 0.05) in citrate synthase activity in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus in both the 60 and 90 min/day duration groups and in the plantaris (Pla) in all three exercise groups. All durations of training resulted in a reduction (P < 0.05) in the percentage of MHCIIb and an increase (P < 0.05) in the percentage of MHCIIa in the Pla. The magnitude of change in the percentage of MHCIIb in the Pla increased as a function of the training duration. In the extensor digitorum longus, 90 min of daily exercise promoted a decrease (P < 0.05) in percentage of MHCIIb and increases (P < 0.05) in the percentages of MHCI, MHCIIa, and MHCIId/x. Finally, training durations >= 60 min resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in the percentage of MHCI and a concomitant decrease (P < 0.05) in the percentage of MHCIIa in the soleus. These results demonstrate that increasing the training duration elevates the magnitude of the fast-to-slow shift in MHC phenotype in rat hindlimb muscles.

endurance exercise; muscle plasticity; fiber type; oxidative capacity


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