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Departments of 1 Medicine and of 2 Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
Original studies leading to the gravitational
model of pulmonary blood flow and contemporary studies showing
gravity-independent perfusion differ in the recent use of laboratory
animals instead of humans. We explored the distribution of
pulmonary blood flow in baboons because their anatomy, serial
distribution of vascular resistances, and hemodynamic responses to
hypoxia are similar to those of humans. Four baboons were
anesthetized with ketamine, intubated, and mechanically ventilated.
Different colors of fluorescent microspheres were given intravenously
while the animals were in the supine, prone, upright (repeated), and
head-down (repeated) postures. The animals were killed, and their lungs
were excised, dried, and diced into
~2-cm3 pieces with the spatial
coordinates recorded for each piece. Regional blood flow was determined
for each posture from the fluorescent signals of each piece. Perfusion
heterogeneity was greatest in the upright posture and least when prone.
Using multiple-stepwise regression, we estimate that 7, 5, and 25% of
perfusion heterogeneity is due to gravity in the supine, prone, and
upright postures, respectively. Although important, gravity is not the
predominant determinant of pulmonary perfusion heterogeneity in upright
primates. Because of anatomic similarities, the same may be true for humans.
regional perfusion; spatial heterogeneity; fluorescent microspheres
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