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J Appl Physiol 86: 611-616, 1999;
8750-7587/99 $5.00
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Vol. 86, Issue 2, 611-616, February 1999

Expiratory flow limitation during exercise in competition cyclists

Susana Mota1, Pere Casan1, Franchek Drobnic2, Jordi Giner1, Olga Ruiz2, Joaquín Sanchis1, and Joseph Milic-Emili3

1 Departament de Pneumologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma and 2 Centre d'Alt Rendiment, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; and 3 Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 2P2

In some trained athletes, maximal exercise ventilation is believed to be constrained by expiratory flow limitation (FL). Using the negative expiratory pressure method, we assessed whether FL was reached during a progressive maximal exercise test in 10 male competition cyclists. The cyclists reached an average maximal O2 consumption of 72 ml · kg-1 · min-1 (range: 67-82 ml · kg-1 · min-1) and ventilation of 147 l/min (range: 122-180 l/min) (88% of preexercise maximal voluntary ventilation in 15 s). In nine subjects, FL was absent at all levels of exercise (i.e., expiratory flow increased with negative expiratory pressure over the entire tidal volume range). One subject, the oldest in the group, exhibited FL during peak exercise. The group end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) decreased during light-to-moderate exercise by 13% (range: 5-33%) of forced vital capacity but increased as maximal exercise was approached. EELV at peak exercise and at rest were not significantly different. The end-inspiratory lung volume increased progressively throughout the exercise test. The conclusions reached are as follows: 1) most well-trained young cyclists do not reach FL even during maximal exercise, and, hence, mechanical ventilatory constraint does not limit their aerobic exercise capacity, and 2) in absence of FL, EELV decreases initially but increases during heavy exercise.

negative expiratory pressure; exercise performance; dynamic hyperinflation


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