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1 Department of Hematology and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University Henri Poincaré- Nancy 1, 54001 Nancy cedex, France; and 2 Laboratory of Plasma Derivatives, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
The cardiovascular
effects of human albumin (Alb) and three human hemoglobin
(Hb) solutions, dextran-benzene-tetracarboxylate Hb,
-crosslinked Hb, and
o-raffinose-polymerized Hb were
compared in anesthetized rabbits undergoing acute isovolemic
hemodilution with Hct reduction from 41.4 ± 2.7 to 28.8 ± 1.6%. The impact of the vasoconstricting properties of Hb was examined
by measuring heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), abdominal
aortic, and femoral arterial blood flow, vascular resistance (VR), and aortic distension during the first 3 h after hemodilution. The impact
of the hemorheological parameters was assessed by measurements of
hemodiluted blood viscosity. In contrast to Alb, the Hb solutions elicited an immediate increase in MAP (20-38%). The effects of Alb and Hb solutions on HR, as well as on aortic and femoral arterial blood flow, were similar. VR decreased with Alb (20-28%) and
increased with all three Hb solutions (30-90%), but the MAP and
VR rising trends were different with each Hb solution. Aortic
distension decreased in Hb groups compared with the Alb group for the
first 60 min. The viscosity of hemodiluted blood was similar for all groups at high shear rates but was dependent on the viscosity of the
solutions at low shear rates. We conclude that the vasoconstriction elicited by the Hb solutions overrides the vasodilation associated with
viscosity changes due to hemodilution and would be the major factor
responsible to the cardiovascular changes.
oxygen carriers; blood flow; hemodilution; viscosity
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