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1 Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, August Krogh Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; and 2 Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
Muscle glycogen remains subnormal several days after muscle
damaging exercise. The aims of this study were to
investigate how muscle acid-soluble macroglycogen (MG) and
acid-insoluble proglycogen (PG) pools are restored after a competitive
marathon and also to determine whether glycogen accumulates differently in the various muscle fiber types. Six well-trained marathon runners participated in the study, and muscle biopsies were obtained from the
vastus lateralis of the quadriceps muscle before, immediately after,
and 1, 2, and 7 days (days 1, 2, and
7, respectively) after the marathon.
During the race, 56 ± 3.8% of muscle glycogen was utilized, and a
greater fraction of MG (72 ± 3.7%) was utilized compared with PG
(34 ± 6.5%). On day 2, muscle
glycogen and MG values remained lower than prerace
values, despite a carbohydrate-rich diet, but they had
both returned to prerace levels on day
7. The PG concentration was lower on
day 1 compared with before the race, whereas there were no significant differences between the prerace PG
concentration and the concentrations on days
2 and 7. On
day 2 the glycogen concentration was
particularly low in the type I fibers, indicating that local processes
are important for the accumulation pattern. We conclude that a greater
fraction of human muscle MG than of PG is utilized during a marathon
and that accumulation of MG is particularly delayed after the prolonged
exercise bout. Furthermore, factors produced locally appear important
for the glycogen accumulation pattern.
human; endurance running; muscle damage; glycogen content
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