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J Appl Physiol 85: 2237-2248, 1998;
8750-7587/98 $5.00
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Vol. 85, Issue 6, 2237-2248, December 1998

Novel transitions in MHC isoforms: separate and combined effects of thyroid hormone and mechanical unloading

Vincent J. Caiozzo1,2, Michael J. Baker2, and Kenneth M. Baldwin1

Departments of 1 Physiology and Biophysics and 2 Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92717

Single-fiber (n = 3,818 fibers) electrophoretic analyses were used to delineate the separate and combined effects of hyperthyroidism (T3) and hindlimb suspension (HS) on the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform composition (1-, 2-, and 4-wk time points) of the rat soleus muscle. The key findings of this study are as follows. First, T3 and HS both altered the distribution of MHC isoforms at the single-fiber level; however, the populations of fibers produced by these two interventions were clearly different from one another. Second, T3 + HS rapidly converted the soleus into a fast muscle, producing large increases in the relative contents of the fast type IIx and IIb MHC isoforms which were primarily expressed in several populations of hybrid fibers (e.g., types I/IIa/IIx, I/IIx/IIb, I/IIa/IIx/IIb). Finally, T3 + HS produced unique populations of hybrid fibers that did not adhere to the Ileft-right-arrow IIaleft-right-arrow IIxleft-right-arrow IIb sequential scheme of MHC plasticity. Collectively, the findings of this study demonstrate that the intervention of T3 + HS is a powerful model for manipulating and studying MHC isoform plasticity in slow skeletal muscle.

myosin heavy chain; single-fiber electrophoresis; muscle plasticity; transitions; rat; soleus muscle; hybrid fibers; polymorphic expression


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