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Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, Calfornia 92697
We examined the novel interaction of
hyperthyroidism and hindlimb suspension on the pattern of myosin heavy
chain (MHC) expression (mRNA and protein) in skeletal muscles. Female
Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups:
1) normal control (Con);
2) thyroid hormone treated
[150 µg 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine
(T3) · kg
1 · day1]
(T3);
3) hindlimb suspension (HS); or
4)
T3-treated and HS
(T3 + HS). Results show for the
first time the novel observation that the combination
T3 + HS induces a rapid and
sustained, marked (80-90%) downregulation of type I MHC gene
expression that is mirrored temporally by concomitant marked
upregulation of type IIb MHC gene expression, as evidenced by the de
novo synthesis of type IIb MHC protein in the soleus. The fast type IIx
MHC isoform showed a differential response among the experimental
groups, generally increasing with the separate and combined treatments in both the soleus and vastus intermedius muscles while decreasing in
the plantaris muscles. The fast type IIa MHC was the least responsive
to suspension of the MHCs and reflected its greatest responsiveness to
T3 treatment while also undergoing
differential adaptations in slow vs. fast muscle (increases vs.
decreases, respectively). These results confirm previous findings that
all four adult MHC genes are sensitive to
T3 and suspension in a
muscle-specific manner. In addition, we show that
T3 + HS can interact
synergistically to create novel adaptations in MHC expression that
could not be observed when each factor was imposed separately.
slow myosin heavy chain; fast myosin heavy chains; messenger riboncleic acid; soleus; plantaris; vastus intermedius; Northern blot; 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine
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