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1 Department of Physical Education, National Ping Tung Teacher's College, Ping Tung, Taiwan; Departments of 2 Exercise Science and 4 Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
This study
examined the effects of 3 days of estrogen supplementation (ES) on
thermoregulation during exercise in premenopausal (20-39 yr) adult
women during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Subjects (11 control, 10 experimental) performed upright cycle ergometer exercise at
60% of maximal O2 consumption in
a neutral environment (25°C, 30% relative humidity) for 20 min. Subjects were given placebo (P) or 
-estradiol (2 mg/tablet, 3 tablets/day for 3 days). All experiments were conducted
between 6:30 and 9:00 AM after ingestion of the last tablet. Heart
rate, forearm blood flow (FBF), mean skin temperature, esophageal
temperature (Tes), and forearm
sweat rate were measured. Blood analysis for estrogen and progesterone
reflected the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Maximal
O2 consumption (37.1 ± 6.2 in P vs. 38.4 ± 6.3 ml · kg
1 · min1
in ES) and body weight-to-surface area ratio (35.58 ± 2.85 in P vs.
37.3 ± 2.7 in ES) were similar between groups. Synthesis of 70-kDa
heat shock protein was not induced by 3 days of ES. Neither the
threshold for sweating (36.97 ± 0.15 in P vs. 36.90 ± 0.22°C in ES), the threshold for an increase in FBF (37.09 ± 0.22 in P vs. 37.17 ± 0.26°C in ES), the slope of
sweat rate-Tes relationship (0.42 ± 0.16 in P vs. 0.41 ± 0.17 in ES), nor the FBF-Tes relationship (10.04 ± 4.4 in P vs. 9.61 ± 3.46 in ES) was affected
(P > 0.05) by 3 days of ES. We
conclude that 3 days of ES by young adult women in the follicular phase
of their menstrual cycle have no effect on heat transfer to the skin,
heat dissipation by evaporative cooling, or leukocyte synthesis of
70-kDa heat shock protein.
core body temperature; forearm blood flow; sweat rate; heat shock protein; skin temperature; exercise
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