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Departments of Exercise Science and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1111
To determine how
osmolality of an orally ingested fluid-replacement beverage would alter
intestinal fluid absorption from the duodenum and/or jejunum
during 85 min of cycle exercise (63.3 ± 0.9% peak
O2 uptake) in a cool environment
(22°C), seven subjects (5 men, 2 women, peak
O2 uptake = 54.5 ± 3.8 ml · kg
1 · min
1) participated in
four experiments separated by 1 wk in which they ingested a water
placebo (WP) or one of three 6% carbohydrate (CHO) beverages
formulated to give mean osmolalities of 197, 295, or 414 mosmol/kgH2O. CHO solutions also
contained 17-18 meq Na+ and
3.2 meq K+. Nasogastric and
multilumen tubes were fluoroscopically positioned in the gastric antrum
and duodenojejunum, respectively. Subjects ingested a total of 23 ml/kg
body mass of the test solution, 20% (370 ± 9 ml) of this volume 5 min before exercise and 10% (185 ± 4 ml) every 10 min thereafter.
By using the rate of gastric emptying as the rate of intestinal
perfusion (G. P. Lambert, R. T. Chang, D. Joensen, X. Shi, R. W. Summers, H. P. Schedl, and C. V. Gisolfi. Int. J. Sports Med. 17: 48-55, 1996), intestinal absorption was determined by segmental perfusion from the duodenum (0-25 cm) and jejunum (25-50 cm). There were no differences
(P > 0.05) in gastric emptying (mean
18.1 ± 1.3 ml/min) or total fluid absorption (802 ± 109, 650 ± 52, 674 ± 62, and 633 ± 74 ml · 50 cm
1 · h
1
for WP, hypo-, iso-, and hypertonic solutions, respectively) among
beverages; but WP was absorbed faster
(P < 0.05) from the duodenum than in
the jejunum. Of the total volume of fluid ingested, 82 ± 14, 74 ± 6, 76 ± 5, and 68 ± 7% were absorbed for
WP, hypo-, iso-, and hypertonic beverages, respectively. There were no
differences in urine production or percent change in plasma volume
among solutions. We conclude that total fluid absorption of 6%
CHO-electrolyte beverages from the duodenojejunum during exercise,
within the osmotic range studied, is not different from WP.
water absorption; duodenum; jejunum; human
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