Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 85: 1349-1356, 1998;
8750-7587/98 $5.00
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Vol. 85, Issue 4, 1349-1356, October 1998

Creatine supplementation and age influence muscle metabolism during exercise

Sinclair A. Smith1, Scott J. Montain2, Ralph P. Matott2, Gary P. Zientara3, Ferenc A. Jolesz3, and Roger A. Fielding1

1 Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, 02215; 2 United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, 01760; and 3 Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Young [n = 5, 30 ± 5 (SD) yr] and middle-aged (n = 4, 58 ± 4 yr) men and women performed single-leg knee-extension exercise inside a whole body magnetic resonance system. Two trials were performed 7 days apart and consisted of two 2-min bouts and a third bout continued to exhaustion, all separated by 3 min of recovery. 31P spectra were used to determine pH and relative concentrations of Pi, phosphocreatine (PCr), and beta -ATP every 10 s. The subjects consumed 0.3 g · kg-1 · day-1 of a placebo (trial 1) or creatine (trial 2) for 5 days before each trial. During the placebo trial, the middle-aged group had a lower resting PCr compared with the young group (35.0 ± 5.2 vs. 39.5 ± 5.1 mmol/kg, P < 0.05) and a lower mean initial PCr resynthesis rate (18.1 ± 3.5 vs. 23.2 ± 6.0 mmol · kg-1 · min-1, P < 0.05). After creatine supplementation, resting PCr increased 15% (P < 0.05) in the young group and 30% (P < 0.05) in the middle-aged group to 45.7 ± 7.5 vs. 45.7 ± 5.5 mmol/kg, respectively. Mean initial PCr resynthesis rate also increased in the middle-aged group (P < 0.05) to a level not different from the young group (24.3 ± 3.8 vs. 24.2 ± 3.2 mmol · kg-1 · min-1). Time to exhaustion was increased in both groups combined after creatine supplementation (118 ± 34 vs. 154 ± 70 s, P < 0.05). In conclusion, creatine supplementation has a greater effect on PCr availability and resynthesis rate in middle-aged compared with younger persons.

aging; creatine monohydrate; phosphocreatine; skeletal muscle; magnetic resonance spectroscopy


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