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Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3140
We examined the hypothesis that glucose flux was
directly related to relative exercise intensity both before
and after a 12-wk cycle ergometer training program [5
days/wk, 1-h duration, 75% peak
O2 consumption
(
O2 peak)] in
healthy female subjects (n = 17; age
23.8 ± 2.0 yr). Two pretraining trials (45 and 65% of O2 peak)
and two posttraining trials [same absolute workload (65% of old
O2 peak)
and same relative workload (65% of new O2 peak)] were
performed on nine subjects by using a primed-continuous infusion of
[1-13C]- and
[6,6-2H]glucose.
Eight additional subjects were studied by using
[6,6-2H]glucose.
Subjects were studied postabsorption for 90 min of rest and 1 h of
cycling exercise. After training, subjects increased O2 peak by 25.2 ± 2.4%. Pretraining, the intensity effect on glucose kinetics was
evident between 45 and 65% of
O2 peak with rates of
appearance (Ra: 4.52 ± 0.25 vs. 5.53 ± 0.33 mg · kg
1 · min1),
disappearance (Rd: 4.46 ± 0.25 vs. 5.54 ± 0.33 mg · kg1 · min1),
and oxidation (Rox: 2.45 ± 0.16 vs. 4.35 ± 0.26 mg · kg1 · min1)
of glucose being significantly greater
(P 
0.05) in the 65% than
in the 45% trial. Training reduced
Ra (4.7 ± 0.30 mg · kg1 · min1),
Rd (4.69 ± 0.20 mg · kg1 · min1),
and Rox (3.54 ± 0.50 mg · kg1 · min1)
at the same absolute workload (P 0.05). When subjects were tested at the same relative workload,
Ra,
Rd, and
Rox were not significantly
different after training. However, at both workloads after training,
there was a significant decrease in total carbohydrate oxidation as
determined by the respiratory exchange ratio. These results show the
following in young women: 1)
glucose use is directly related to exercise intensity;
2) training decreases
glucose flux for a given power output;
3) when expressed as
relative exercise intensity, training does not affect the magnitude of
blood glucose flux during exercise; but
4) training does reduce total
carbohydrate oxidation.
stable isotopes; substrate utilization; exercise; glucose metabolism; menstrual cycle; crossover concept; glycogen; lactate
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