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Departments of Large Animal Clinical Sciences and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1314
We investigated regional differences of in vitro
responses of pulmonary arteries (6-mm OD) from the dorsocaudal (top)
and cranioventral (bottom) lung regions to endothelium-dependent
vasodilators (methacholine, bradykinin, and calcium ionophore A-23187).
Methacholine relaxed endothelium-intact top vessels; however, in bottom
vessels, a small relaxation preceded a profound contraction. In top
vessels, removal of endothelial cells converted relaxation to
contraction, and in bottom vessels it abolished relaxation and enhanced
contraction. Bradykinin and A-23187 were more potent and caused greater
endothelium-mediated relaxation in top than in bottom arteries. The
endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside caused similar
relaxations in all rings.
N
-nitro-L-arginine and
NG-monomethyl-L-arginine and
methylene blue abolished relaxation of top and bottom arteries to
methacholine; meclofenamate had little effect. We conclude that
regional differences in endothelium-mediated relaxation are caused by
differences in the magnitude of the endothelial release of nitric
oxide. Similar differences in endothelium-dependent flow-mediated
vasodilation and endothelial nitric oxide release may result in
preferential perfusion of caudodorsal lung regions.
endothelium; endothelium-dependent relaxation; nitric oxide; distribution of pulmonary blood flow; regional perfusion
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