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Vol. 84, Issue 2, 459-464, February 1998
1 Department of Orthopedic Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905; and 2 Noll Physiological Research Center and Center for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Westerlind, Kim C., James D. Fluckey, Scott E. Gordon,
William J. Kraemer, Peter A. Farrell, and Russell T. Turner.
Effect of resistance exercise training on cortical and cancellous
bone in mature male rats. J. Appl.
Physiol. 84(2): 459-464, 1998.
The effect of
resistance training on tibial cancellous and cortical bone was
evaluated in rats by using static histomorphometry and Northern
analysis. Five-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly
assigned to exercise (Ex; n = 8) or
control (Con; n = 4) groups. Animals
were operantly conditioned to press two levers, facilitating full
extension and flexion of the hindlimbs ("squats"), while wearing
an unweighted vest. After an 8-wk familiarization period, Ex animals
performed 3 sessions/wk for 17-19 sessions with progressively
increased amounts of weight applied to the vest. Con rats completed the
same exercise protocol without applied resistance. No difference in
cross-sectional, medullary, or cortical bone area was observed between
Ex and Con rats in the tibial diaphysis. In contrast, the cancellous
bone area in the proximal tibial metaphysis was significantly larger in
trained rats. Trabecular number, trabecular thickness, and the
percentage of cancellous bone covered by osteoid were significantly
greater in the Ex animals compared with Con animals. In addition,
steady-state mRNA levels for osteocalcin for the Ex group were 456%
those expressed in the Con group. The data demonstrate that resistance
training increases cancellous bone area in sexually mature male rats
and suggest that it does so, in part, by stimulating bone formation.
resistance training; osteoporosis; bone formation; histomorphometry; osteocalcin
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