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Vol. 84, Issue 1, 257-262, January 1998
1 Clinical Nutrition Program, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131; 2 Department of Physical and Health Education, Queen's University, Kingston, California; and 3 Obesity Research Center, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10025
Baumgartner, Richard N., Robert Ross, and Steven B. Heymsfield. Does adipose tissue influence bioelectric impedance in
obese men and women? J. Appl. Physiol.
84(1): 257-262, 1998.
Bioelectric-impedance analysis
overestimates fat-free mass in obese people. No clear hypotheses have
been presented or tested that explain this effect. This study tested
the hypothesis that adipose tissue affects measurements of resistance
by using data for whole body and body segment resistance and by using muscle, adipose tissue, and bone volumes
from magnetic resonance imaging for 86 overweight and obese men and
women (body mass index >27
kg/m2; age 38.5 ± 10.2 yr). In
multiple-regression analysis, muscle volumes had strong associations
with resistance, confirming that the electric currents are conducted
primarily in the lean soft tissues. Subcutaneous adipose tissue had a
slight but statistically significant effect in women, primarily for the
leg, suggesting that adipose tissue can affect measured resistance when
the volume of adipose tissue is greater than muscle volume, as may
occur in obese women in particular. This resulted in a
slight overestimation of fat-free mass (e.g., +3 kg) when a
bioelectric- impedance-analysis equation calibrated for nonobese female
subjects was applied.
obesity; magnetic resonance imaging; fat-free mass; body mass index
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