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J Appl Physiol 83: 2048-2054, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Vol. 83, Issue 6, 2048-2054, December 1997

Neural mechanism of the pressor response to obstructive and nonobstructive apnea

Srinivas Katragadda, Ailiang Xie, Dominic Puleo, James B. Skatrud, and Barbara J. Morgan

Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Wisconsin, and Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Received 20 May 1997; accepted in final form 15 August 1997.

Katragadda, Srinivas, Ailiang Xie, Dominic Puleo, James B. Skatrud, and Barbara J. Morgan. Neural mechanism of the pressor response to obstructive and nonobstructive apnea. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(6): 2048-2054, 1997.---Obstructive and nonobstructive apneas elicit substantial increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity and arterial pressure. The time course of change in these variables suggests a causal relationship; however, mechanical influences, such as release of negative intrathoracic pressure and reinflation of the lungs, are potential contributors to the arterial pressure rise. To test the hypothesis that apnea-induced pressor responses are neurally mediated, we measured arterial pressure (photoelectric plethysmography), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (peroneal microneurography), arterial O2 saturation (pulse oximeter), and end-tidal CO2 tension (gas analyzer) during sustained Mueller maneuvers, intermittent Mueller maneuvers, and simple breath holds in six healthy humans before, during, and after ganglionic blockade with trimethaphan (3-4 mg/min, titrated to produce complete disappearance of sympathetic bursts from the neurogram). Ganglionic blockade abolished the pressor responses to sustained and intermittent Mueller maneuvers (-4 ± 1 vs. +15 ± 3 and 0 ± 2 vs. +15 ± 5 mmHg) and breath holds (0 ± 3 vs. +11 ± 3, all P < 0.05). We conclude that the acute pressor response to obstructive and nonobstructive voluntary apnea is sympathetically mediated.

sympathetic nervous system; arterial pressure; obstructive sleep apnea

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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