Journal of Applied Physiology AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 83: 1397-1404, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 1397-1404, October 1997
GAS EXCHANGE, MECHANICS, AND AIRWAYS

SPECIAL COMMUNICATION

Red cell distortion and conceptual basis of diffusing capacity estimates: finite element analysis

C. C. W. Hsia1, C. J. C. Chuong2, and R. L. Johnson Jr.1

1 Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235; and 2 Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019

Received 31 January 1997; accepted in final form 2 June 1997.

Hsia, C. C. W., C. J. C. Chuong, and R. L. Johnson, Jr. Red cell distortion and conceptual basis of diffusing capacity estimates: finite element analysis. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(4): 1397-1404, 1997.---To understand the effects of dynamic shape distortion of red blood cells (RBCs) as it develops under high-flow conditions on the standard physiological and morphometric methods of estimating pulmonary diffusing capacity, we computed the uptake of CO across a two-dimensional geometric capillary model containing a variable number of equally spaced RBCs. RBCs are circular or parachute shaped, with the same perimeter length. Total CO diffusing capacity (DLCO) and membrane diffusing capacity (DMCO) were calculated by a finite element method. DLCO calculated at two levels of alveolar PO2 were used to estimate DMCO by the Roughton-Forster (RF) technique. The same capillary model was subjected to morphometric analysis by the random linear intercept method to obtain morphometric estimates of DMCO. Results show that shape distortion of RBCs significantly reduces capillary diffusive gas uptake. Shape distortion exaggerates the conceptual errors inherent in the RF technique (J. Appl. Physiol. 79: 1039-1047, 1995); errors are exaggerated at a high capillary hematocrit. Shape distortion also introduces additional error in morphometric estimates of DMCO caused by a biased sampling distribution of random linear intercepts; errors are exaggerated at a low capillary hematocrit.

Roughton-Forster technique; morphometry; pulmonary diffusing capacity; membrane diffusing capacity; random linear intercept; capillary model

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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