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Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
Received 26 August 1996; accepted in final form 6 May 1997.
Lutchen, Kenneth R., and Heather Gillis. Relationship
between heterogeneous changes in airway morphometry and lung resistance
and elastance. J. Appl. Physiol.
83(4): 1192-1201, 1997.
We present a dog lung model to predict
the relation between inhomogeneous changes in airway morphometry and
lung resistance (RL) and
elastance (EL) for frequencies
surrounding typical breathing rates. The
RL and
EL were sensitive in distinct
ways to two forms of peripheral constriction. First, when there is a
large and homogeneous constriction, the
RL increases uniformly over the
frequency range. The EL is
rather unaffected below 1 Hz but then increases with frequencies up to
5 Hz. This increase is caused by central airway wall
shunting. Second, the RL and
EL are extremely sensitive to mild inhomogeneous constriction in which a few highly constricted or
nearly closed airways occur randomly throughout the
periphery. This results in extreme increases in the levels
and frequency dependence of RL
and EL but predominantly at
typical breathing rates (<1 Hz). Conversely, the
RL and
EL are insensitive to highly inhomogeneous airway constriction that does not produce any nearly closed airways. Similarly, alterations in the
RL and
EL due to central airway wall
shunting are not likely until the preponderance of the periphery
constricts substantially. The RL
and EL spectra are far more
sensitive to these two forms of peripheral constriction than to
constriction conditions known to occur in the central airways. On the
basis of these simulations, we derived a set of qualitative criteria to
infer airway constriction conditions from RL and
EL spectra.
airway resistance; inhomogeneities; lung impedance; lung resistance; lung elastance
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