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Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine and Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan 11221, Republic of China
Received 13 February 1997; accepted in final form 7 May 1997.
Lin, Y. S., and Y. R. Kou. Reflex apneic response
evoked by laryngeal exposure to wood smoke in rats: neural and chemical mechanisms. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(3):
723-730, 1997.
We investigated the neural and chemical mechanisms
contributing to the immediate ventilatory responses to laryngeal
exposure to wood smoke in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Five
milliliters of wood smoke were delivered into a functionally isolated
larynx at a constant flow rate of 1.4 ml/s while the animals breathed
spontaneously. Within 1 s after exposure, laryngeal wood smoke
consistently triggered an apnea in each of the 42 rats tested. The
apneic duration reached 1,636.4 ± 105.4 (SE) % (n = 42) of the baseline expiratory
duration. This apneic response was not affected by denervation of
recurrent laryngeal nerves (n = 6) or
by removal of smoke particulates (n = 14), but it was totally eliminated by topical application of an
anesthetic (n = 8; lidocaine
hydrochloride, 8%) to the laryngeal mucosa or by sectioning of the
superior laryngeal nerves (n = 42).
Furthermore, laryngeal application of a hydroxyl radical scavenger
(dimethylthiourea; 500 mg/ml; n = 8)
greatly diminished or abolished the smoke-induced apneic response, but
it did not affect the apneic response evoked by laryngeal exposure to
air saturated with 6% ammonia. These results suggest that the
immediate apneic response to laryngeal wood smoke is a reflex resulting from the stimulation of the superior laryngeal afferents by the gas
phase of wood smoke and that the stimulation is mediated through a
hydroxyl radical mechanism.
laryngeal irritation; gas phase; particulates; hydroxyl radicals; dimethylthiourea; ammonia
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