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Qinghai High Altitude Medical Science Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810012, China; and Research Center on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390, Japan
Received 15 August 1996; accepted in final form 26 March 1997.
Chen, Qiu-Hong, Ri-Li Ge, Xiao-Zhen Wang, Hui-Xin Chen,
Tian-Yi Wu, Toshio Kobayashi, and Kazuhiko Yoshimura. Exercise performance of Tibetan and Han adolescents at altitudes of 3,417 and
4,300 m. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(2):
661-667, 1997.
The difference was studied between
O2 transport in lifelong Tibetan
adolescents and in newcomer Han adolescents acclimatized to high
altitude. We measured minute ventilation, maximal
O2 uptake, maximal cardiac output,
and arterial O2 saturation during
maximal exercise, using the incremental exercise technique, at
altitudes of 3,417 and 4,300 m. The groups were well matched for age,
height, and nutritional status. The Tibetans had been living at the
altitudes for a longer period than the Hans (14.5 ± 0.2 vs. 7.8 ± 0.8 yr at 3,417 m, P < 0.01; and 14.7 ± 0.3 vs. 5.3 ± 0.7 yr at 4,300 m,
P < 0.01, respectively). At rest,
Tibetans had significantly greater vital capacity and maximal voluntary
ventilation than the Hans at both altitudes. At maximal exercise,
Tibetans compared with Hans had higher maximal
O2 uptake (42.2 ± 1.7 vs. 36.7 ± 1.2 ml · min
1 · kg1
at 3,417 m, P < 0.01; and 36.8 ± 1.9 vs. 30.0 ± 1.4 ml · min1 · kg1
at 4,300 m, P < 0.01, respectively)
and greater maximal cardiac output (12.8 ± 0.3 vs. 11.4 ± 0.2 l/min at 3,417 m, P < 0.01; 11.5 ± 0.5 vs. 10.0 ± 0.5 l/min at 4,300 m,
P < 0.05, respectively). Although
the differences in arterial O2
saturation between Tibetans and Hans were not significant at rest and
during mild exercise, the differences became greater with increases in
exercise workload at both altitudes. We concluded that exposure to high
altitude from birth to adolescence resulted in an efficient
O2 transport and a greater aerobic
exercise performance that may reflect a successful adaptation to life
at high altitude.
cardiac output; maximal oxygen consumption; ventilation; developmental adaptation; genetic adaptation
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