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J Appl Physiol 83: 543-549, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 543-549, August 1997
PULMONARY CIRCULATION AND LUNG FLUID BALANCE

Capillary recruitment and transit time in the rat lung

Robert G. Presson Jr., Thomas M. Todoran, Bracken J. De Witt, Ivan F. McMurtry, and Wiltz W. Wagner Jr.

Departments of Anesthesia, Physiology/Biophysics, and Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202; and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Laboratory, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262

Received 4 October 1996; accepted in final form 18 April 1997.

Presson, Robert G., Jr., Thomas M. Todoran, Bracken J. De Witt, Ivan F. McMurtry, and Wiltz W. Wagner, Jr. Capillary recruitment and transit time in the rat lung. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(2): 543-549, 1997.---Increasing pulmonary blood flow and the associated rise in capillary perfusion pressure cause capillary recruitment. The resulting increase in capillary volume limits the decrease in capillary transit time. We hypothesize that small species with relatively high resting metabolic rates are more likely to utilize a larger fraction of gas-exchange reserve at rest. Without reserve, we anticipate that capillary transit time will decrease rapidly as pulmonary blood flow rises. To test this hypothesis, we measured capillary recruitment and transit time in isolated rat lungs. As flow increased, transit time decreased, and capillaries were recruited. The decrease in transit time was limited by an increase in the homogeneity of the transit time distribution and an increased capillary volume due, in part, to recruitment. The recruitable capillaries, however, were nearly completely perfused at flow rates and pressures that were less than basal for the intact animal. This suggests that a limited reserve of recruitable capillaries in the lungs of species with high resting metabolic rates may contribute to their inability to raise O2 consumption manyfold above basal values.

pulmonary microcirculation; indicator dilution; isolated rat lungs; video microscopy; digital image analysis

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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